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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

If you're a lover of coffee you're probably aware that different types of beans have distinct flavor profiles. Learn more about four of the most sought-after varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans are one of the varieties of Liberica that is cultivated exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a fruitier and tarter taste profile and are frequently used in blends of beans to give them added depth.

Arabica

Arabica is the most well-known coffee in the world, making up 75% of the world's coffee bean production. Arabica beans have a sweeter and less sour flavor than Robusta and come in a variety of flavor profiles. The taste and aroma components of a cup of coffee can differ greatly based on the climatic conditions and processing methods used to make it.

The word "coffee" is derived from the Arabic word meaning the berry. Coffee beans are actually seeds that grow within bright red berries. It is believed that the ancient Ethiopian shepherds realized that their goats were energized after eating these fruit, and the cultivation of coffee bean suppliers near me soon was a global phenomenon.

Coffee beans can flourish at high altitudes and thrive with cool temperatures and lots of rain. This is one of the reasons why Arabica is regarded as the best tasting type of coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters are focused on ethically sourced arabica beans. They focus on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies often blend arabica beans to make distinctive coffees that are suitable for a wide range of methods of brewing. Blending can be used to control the flavour, aroma as well as body and acidity of the coffee. It is typically preferred to achieve an even and consistent taste that appeals to a larger market.

Robusta

Robusta beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most widely used type of coffee bean grown in the world. They have more caffeine per bean and are more resistant against diseases and pests. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids, which are naturally-occurring antioxidants. However, these acids could cause oxidation during the process of brewing coffee beans for sale and may produce undesirable flavors.

The plant itself is more resilient than arabica, and can thrive in less favorable climate conditions and at lower elevations. It can tolerate warmer temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It is faster growing and produces more coffee bean suppliers near me per plant than arabica, which makes it a cost-effective crop to cultivate.

Although it may sound contradictory, Robusta and arabica beans are often blended to make coffee blends. If you notice names like Uganda or Kenya on the coffee bags it's possible that there is also some robusta.

While some roasters use exclusively arabica beans, most do combine the two varieties in order to cut cost and maintain the quality. To preserve the flavor integrity it is recommended to select the best quality beans from a reliable source. The best method to achieve this is to buy your beans directly from the farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans have a shape like a football, that makes them different from other types of coffee beans. They have a distinctive aroma that is floral and fruity with subtle smoky undertones. They are often added to other bean varieties to provide an extra, stronger flavor.

Liberica coffee beans can be found in West Africa, Malaysia (Borneo), and Southeast Asia. They are adaptable to humid, hot climates and can grow at low altitudes. They are also more resistant to diseases than Arabica or Robusta.

These qualities make them perfect for home-growing. The seeds can be found on the internet from a variety of sources, however it's best to buy from local producers to ensure the quality of the beans. The ideal conditions for growing Liberica coffee plants include fertile deep volcanic soils, with moderately acidic pH and sufficient annual rainfall.

Excelsa is a different variety of coffee bean. It was initially classified as a separate species, but it has since been reclassified as a Liberica variant. These coffee beans are elongated ovals that are grown on large 20-30-foot coffee plants that are located at medium altitudes. Their distinctive taste is tart and sour, making them a popular choice for blends in the home. They have a less pronounced aroma and caffeine levels than Arabica or Robusta but still have a distinctive depth of flavor.

Excelsa

Although they're the fourth-most popular type of coffee beans, Excelsa beans aren't quite so easy to locate as Arabica or Robusta. In fact they were considered to be an individual species of coffee plant until 2006 when they were classified as a synonym for Coffea liberica var. dewevrei. These days, they're mostly grown in Southeast Asia and account for 7% of the world's coffee production. These coffee beans are shaped as a teardrop and have a dark, mysterious taste. They're often used in blends to add body and a delicious, tart, ripened fruit taste.

Arabica beans are by far the most sought-after and are renowned for their sweeter taste. They thrive best at high altitudes and are able to thrive in warm, tropical climates. They also have a touch of acidity. If brewed and roasted correctly they may have notes like chocolate, nuts or even fruit.

Robusta is the second most sought-after coffee in the world and is responsible for 40% of all coffee Beans Types consumed around the world. These beans are smaller and rounder but they have twice the amount of caffeine as Arabica. They also have more bitterness than the other two varieties, and tend to have earthy and woody undertones.

Once you've mastered the four most commonly used types of coffee beans and the four most popular types of coffee beans, it's time to select the perfect cup. If you're looking for a smooth and delicate taste, go for an arabica or a blend of arabica and robusta beans.